Fruit orchards are productive ecosystems where actinobacteria, particularly Streptomyces, play a key role in the degradation of lignocellulosic materials. These bacteria produce enzymes such as cellulase, xylanase, and amylase, which have significant industrial applications, including in bioethanol production. In this study, we focused on isolating and characterizing cellulolytic and xylanolytic actinomycetes from the soil of a guava (Psidium guajava) orchard in Muzaffarpur, India. Out of 30 actinomycete isolates, five best strains (SP101–SP105) were isolated and subjected to biochemical and molecular characterization using 16S rRNA sequencing. The biochemical and physiological characterization of strains SP101–SP105 revealed their ability to grow within a temperature range of 16 to 45°C, with optimal growth observed between 30 and 35°C, indicating their mesophilic nature. None of the strains (SP101–SP105) exhibited growth at temperatures of 50°C or higher. The strains also demonstrated tolerance to NaCl concentrations of up to 7%, but no growth was detected for strains SP101–SP105 at 12% NaCl or above. These findings suggest the adaptability of strains SP101–SP105 to moderate saline environments and their potential for application in bioethanol production.